Improved paper-stock, box-board, roofing-paper



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ROBERT W. RUSSELL, OF NEW YORK, Y.

Letters Patent No. 88,515, dated March 30, 1869;

IMPROVED PAPER-STOCK, BOX-BOARD, ROOFING-PAPER, 8(0- The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ROBERT W. RUSSELL, of N ew York, in the county of New York, and State of New York, have inventi d certain new and useful Processes for the Man ufacture of Paper-Box Board, Paper-Stock, Roofing-Paper, and other kinds of paper and fibrous articles, from cane, or reeds, and similar vegetable fibrous substances, disintegrated by the explosive force of steam; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

I take the cane, or reeds of the cane-brakes of the Oarolinas, and other southern States, sometimes used for fishing-poles, or other similar fibrous material, and after the same has been disintegrated by the explosive force of steam, by the process for which a patent was granted, by the United States, to A. S. Lyman, August 3, 1858, i t is subjected to treatment, as follows:

The said fibre is cleansed, by passing it over an apron to and between rollers, running in a water-trough, and set nearly close together, whereby the fibre is charged with water, and squeezed, or bruised, and the gum, resin, silex, and other extraneous matter, are washed away from the fibre.

The water is supplied freely to the trough, so as to overflow and carry off the light, pithy, and other worthless floating matter.

The water supplied to the trough also escapes through apertures in its sides and bottom, so as to carry off the dirt and coloring-matter.

The fibre is passed from the washing and squeezingrollers, out of the trough, to and between rollers, to

squeeze out the water, and the fibre is then passed, in sheet-form, over the cylinder driers, (such as are used for drying thick paper,) and wholly or partially dried thereon. The sheets are cut'into suitable lengths, and the drying may be then completed upon a single cylinder, or in any other suitable manner. I

The fibre, thus treated, is divested of acid, and a considerable quantity of soluble and worthless matter, and being dried, compressed into cakes, or blocks of I suitable size, and baled, is in a fit condition for exportation.

From this paper-stock, various kinds of good paper are made, conveniently and economically.

A great weight of the fibre, thus cleansed and compressed, can be got into a boiler, and the acid of the fibre being washed away, a small quantity of alkali, applied to the cleansed fibre, is sufiicient to complete the disintegration of the fibre, and remove the int-ercellular tissue and coloring-matter, and cause the pulp to felt well.

The feeding of the fibre to the washing-rollers will be facilitated by previously picking open the fibre.

The fibre, disintegrated as aforesaid, picked open, cleansed, dusted, separated, and shortened, is in a 'proper condition to be baled, and is a new and useful kind of paper-stock.

The washing will be facilitated if the fibre be blown from the guns into water, or if water be poured upon or otherwise applied t9 the blown fibre, directly after the discharge from the guns, and the washing will be rendered more efiicient by a previous soaking or boilalkali.

Two or more of the said sheets may be run together, inter-posing rosin, size, or a compound of tar and rosin, orgnm, glue, or other adhesive matter, and also, when required, applied with pulverized soapstone, limestone, cement, plaster of Paris, or other substance. The compound sheet is then pressed between rollers, and out into lengths of the required size.

picked open, and two or more sheets of it may be run together, iuterposing the size, or composition as aforesaid. The material, thus prepared, is available as the basis of fibrous-composition slabs and panels to be coated with bituminous, silicate, or other composition, or otherwise treated, to finish them according to the uses to which they are to be applied.

The adhesive and other substances may be applied, as-af'oresaid, to the fibre, either by pouring the liquid matter, and strewing the pulverized substances upon one of the sheets, on its passage to the press-rolls, or the liquid matter may be applied by rollers to the sheet, or the liquid matter and pulverizedsubstances may be mixed and applied in the same way. The size, or composition, may also be applied as aforesaid, between sheets of felt, or thick paper, madefrom the said fibre.

ment, is very soft, autlrequires an admixture of other substances to stiffen and harden the material, when binders board paper-box board, and some other kinds of paper are to be made.

Straw .is too harsh and brittle for many purposes, when used alone, but when mixed with the said canefibre in proper proportions, the compound is neither too soft nor too hard.

and stiff for box-board, and binders board, and similar articles, by boiling or soaking the fibre in a solution of lime. Rosin-size will also act well upon the said fibre for the same purpose. Soglue, gum, paste, or other adhesive substance, will harden and stiifen the cane-fibre sulficiently for that purpose.

Clay, plaster of Paris, cement, soapstone, or other earthy or mineral substance, mixed with the adhesive ness, and at the same time make it cheaper.

A new and improved method of combining the fibre with the adhesive and other matter, as aforesaid, is as follows: I

The steam-blown cane-fibre, being ground up and run off on a wet roll in the usual way, gum, glue, tar, and rosin-compounds, or other matter, in a liquid form, may'bc applied by a brush or roller, or by other suitable means, to the sheet, as it is passing around the wet roll, or may be poured or sprinkled upon the Same.

ing of the blown fibre in water, either with or without Instead of washing the steam-blown fibre, it may be The said cane-fibre, not subjected to chemioal treat- The cane-fibre may also be rendered sufficieutly hard And pulverized soapstone, limestone, slate, plaster of Paris, cement, or clay or other substances, to give the sheet the proper hardness and consistency, and desired eharacterand quality, are scattered, or strewn upon the sheet, as it is passing around the wet roll. Or a com-- position of adhesive matter and the pulverized soapstone, or other matter, as aforesaid, may be applied, by a roller or other suitable method, to the sheet while it is passing around the wet roll. The sheets are then proportions of straw and cane-fibre, or with a larger proportion of cane-fibre. A similar mixture of the soft cane-fibre with what is called hard stock, or with rag pulp, yields a new and useful kind of paper.

The cane-fibre, disintegrated as aforesaid, and not treated with any chemical, is very soft and spongy, and will absorb tar freely. In consequence of this peculiar quality of the fibre as it comes from the steam-gun,

coupled with its tenacity and its cheapness, it is available for roofing-paper, commonly made of pulp chiefly from woollen rags, which roofing-paper is saturated with tar, and then covered with fine gravel or sand.

The roofing-paper may be made of the blown canefibre, in combination with woollen-rag pulp, in the proportion of about thirty-three to seventy-five per cent. of the cane-fibre and the balance wool-rag pulp.

What I claim as my invention and discovery, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The abovedeseribed methods, or processes of making paper-stock, paper-box board, roofing-paper, and other kinds of paper and fibrous articles,as aforesaid, made from cane, or reeds, or similar fibrous vegetable substances, disintegrated by the explosive force of steam.

2. The above-described manufactures, the products of the said processes.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, before two subscribing witnesses.

L. W. RUSSELL.

Witnesses:

E. R. REED, Eon. F. Bnown. 

